The diagram below identifies how the amplitude of a sine wave would correspond to the compression and rarefaction of molecules in a medium.Īnything that vibrates - a string, drum head, wine glass, tuning fork - will produce a corresponding movement of molecules in the medium which we perceive as sound. It should be noted that the medium could also be a liquid or a solid, and in fact, air is one of the slowest mediums for transmitting sound. The wave propagates in this way through the medium until its energy is dissipated in the form of heat.
The molecules vibrate in a process that alternates between compression (becoming denser and tightly packed) and rarefaction (becoming less dense). Sound waves are realized when an instigating factor, such as the striking of a drum head or the plucking of a string, causes the molecules of a medium, typically air, to move.
Before talking about the digitization of sound it is crucial to understand what a sound wave is exactly.
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